Finding out you have a cracked tooth can be alarming and painful. From sharp pain with each bite to discomfort with temperature changes, cracked teeth introduce a whole new level of sensitivity to daily life. Let’s delve into what happens if you have a cracked tooth, the causes behind it, symptoms to look out for, and what options are available to save or treat the affected tooth.
What Causes Cracked Teeth?
Cracked teeth can happen to anyone, and understanding the causes can help you protect your smile from future damage. From the foods we chew to the sports we play, there are several ways our teeth can become vulnerable to cracking. Below, we explore some of the most common reasons teeth crack and why certain habits or conditions may put you at higher risk.
Everyday Biting Pressure and Hard Foods
Cracked teeth often result from years of biting pressure, particularly if you frequently chew on hard foods or grind your teeth at night. Even a simple act, like biting down on a popcorn kernel or ice cube, can be enough to create a hairline crack on the biting surface. Regularly grinding or clenching your teeth, known as bruxism, is another common culprit for tooth cracks, as it places undue stress on the natural tooth structure.
Accidents and Contact Sports
A cracked tooth can also be the result of a sudden impact during contact sports, or an accident that affects the mouth and jaw. Without a protective mouthguard, the risk of cracking a tooth increases substantially.
Large Fillings and Ageing Teeth
Sometimes, teeth with large fillings are at a higher risk of cracking, as the surrounding tooth structure may weaken over time. Additionally, ageing teeth may develop craze lines—tiny cracks that appear naturally but don’t usually pose any risk. However, these minor cracks can occasionally deepen and require treatment.
How Can You Tell If You Have a Cracked Tooth? Key Symptoms to Watch Out For
Not all cracked teeth are immediately visible or painful, which can make detecting them tricky. However, certain symptoms can indicate that a crack might be present, even if it’s small or hidden. Recognising these signs early on can prevent further damage and ensure timely treatment to protect your tooth’s health.
Sudden, Sharp Pain When Biting or Chewing
The most indicative sign of a cracked tooth is sudden, sharp pain when you bite down or chew. This pain typically arises when the biting pressure exposes or irritates the nerves within the tooth.
Sensitivity to Temperature Changes
People with cracked teeth often experience increased sensitivity to hot and cold foods or beverages. Even a sudden gust of cold air can sometimes trigger discomfort. Temperature changes can cause the cracked tooth to expand or contract, causing pain or further crack extension.
Feeling of Rough Edges or a Fractured Cusp
If a part of your tooth feels rough or jagged, it could be a fractured cusp or a minor crack. Sometimes, a cracked tooth is visible along the gum line or biting surface, but other times, the cracks are hidden beneath the surface.
Types of Tooth Cracks and What They Mean
Not all cracks are created equal; they vary in depth, location, and severity, which can influence both symptoms and treatment options. Understanding the different types of tooth cracks can help you recognise the signs and seek the appropriate dental care to prevent complications. Here’s a breakdown of the common types of cracks and what each one might mean for your dental health.
Hairline Cracks and Craze Lines
Hairline cracks are often too small to notice and don’t cause symptoms. Known as craze lines, they typically affect the outer tooth enamel but don’t extend deeper into the tooth’s structure. However, if they expand over time, they may require treatment.
Fractured Cusps
A fractured cusp occurs when a small piece of the tooth breaks off. Although this type of crack doesn’t usually extend to the tooth’s pulp, it can still cause discomfort and may require a dental crown to restore the tooth’s natural function.
Vertical Cracks and Split Teeth
Vertical cracks are serious and can sometimes lead to a split tooth if left untreated. When a crack extends through the root, it can cause severe pain and may even necessitate a root canal or extraction. The crack may begin at the top of the tooth and travel downwards, posing a significant risk to the underlying bone and tissue.
Vertical Root Fractures and Root Fractures
Vertical root fractures are cracks that start at the root and move towards the tooth’s biting surface. This type of tooth fracture is often challenging to treat and may require intervention from an experienced dentist. If the crack extends too deeply, it may lead to bone loss or even necessitate a dental implant.
Cracked Tooth Treatment Options
Treating a cracked tooth depends on the crack’s type, location, and severity. With options ranging from crowns to implants, modern dental care can effectively address cracked teeth and restore functionality. Here’s a look at some of the most common treatment solutions for cracked teeth and what each approach involves.
Dental Crown: A Popular Treatment for a Cracked Tooth
For many cracked teeth, a dental crown is an ideal solution. Crowns cover the affected tooth, protecting it from further damage while restoring its strength and appearance. They’re particularly effective for fractured cusps or teeth with large fillings that need reinforcement.
Root Canal Treatment: When Cracks Reach the Pulp
Root Canal Treatment: When Cracks Reach the PulpIf a crack reaches the inner pulp, a root canal treatment may be crucial to save the tooth. This treatment removes the damaged pulp, nerves, and blood vessels, relieving pain and preventing infection. Afterwards, a crown is often placed to strengthen the tooth structure.
Bonding and Filling: For Minor Cracks
In cases of minor cracks, bonding or filling can sometimes do the trick. Dental bonding uses a resin material to fill and seal the crack, which can help prevent it from worsening. It’s often effective for hairline cracks that haven’t caused significant structural damage.
Extraction and Dental Implant: When the Tooth Can’t Be Saved
When a crack extends too deeply, the affected tooth may need to be extracted. A dental implant can then be used to replace the missing tooth, offering a durable, long-lasting solution that appears and functions like a natural tooth.
Preventing Tooth Cracks: Tips for Stronger Teeth
Wear a Mouthguard for Contact Sports: If you engage in contact sports, wearing a custom mouthguard can reduce the risk of dental trauma, including cracks. A mouthguard cushions your teeth from sudden impact and can be a lifesaver when it comes to dental health.
Avoid Biting on Hard Objects: Steer clear of chewing on hard objects like ice, pens, or hard candies. These can easily cause cracks and fractures, particularly if the enamel is already weakened.
Address Teeth Grinding with a Night Guard: If you grind or clench your teeth at night, a customised night guard can protect your teeth from excessive wear and reduce the chances of a cracked tooth. Grinding can be extremely damaging, especially over time, leading to severe damage and a need for treatment.
Visit Your Dentist Regularly: Routine dental visits allow your dentist to check for any early signs of cracks or other issues. Your dentist can catch tiny cracks or rough edges before they cause pain or require significant treatment, making regular check-ups essential.
Common Questions About Cracked Teeth
- Can a Cracked Tooth Heal on Its Own?
Unfortunately, cracked teeth don’t heal naturally. Unlike other parts of the body, teeth can’t regenerate, so any damage done to them is permanent. Minor cracks may be manageable without extensive treatment, but moderate to severe cracks usually require intervention to prevent further issues.
- What Happens If You Leave a Cracked Tooth Untreated?
Leaving a cracked tooth untreated can lead to complications, including severe pain, infection, and even the need for extraction. Bacteria enter through the crack, leading to dental abscesses and bone loss around the root of the tooth.
- Can Teeth Grinding Cause Cracked Tooth Syndrome?
Yes, teeth grinding can definitely contribute to cracked tooth syndrome. The excessive biting pressure and stress caused by grinding can weaken tooth enamel, leading to tiny cracks that can worsen over time.
- Is There Pain Relief for a Cracked Tooth?
To ease the pain, you can rinse with salt water, avoid chewing on the affected side, and use over-the-counter pain relievers. However, these are temporary solutions; seeing a dentist promptly is important for long-term relief.
Final Thoughts: Don’t Ignore Cracks in Your Teeth
If you feel pain when chewing, notice rough edges or experience sensitivity, it’s time to see a dentist. Cracks can worsen over time, leading to serious issues if left untreated. With modern dental treatments like crowns, bonding, and even dental implants, there are effective solutions for nearly every type of crack.
Remember, protecting your teeth from further damage is key. Whether it’s a minor crack or a severe vertical root fracture, getting timely treatment can help save the tooth and maintain your smile for years to come.
For any concerns about tooth cracks or other dental treatments, contact us for a consultation at (08) 7078 8263.
Note: Any surgical or invasive procedure carries risks. Before proceeding, you should seek a second opinion from an appropriately qualified health practitioner.
References:
Cleveland Clinic. (n.d.). Fractured tooth (cracked tooth). https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21628-fractured-tooth-cracked-tooth
American Association of Endodontists. (n.d.). What is a root canal? https://www.aae.org/patients/root-canal-treatment/what-is-a-root-canal/
Healthline. (n.d.). Sensitive teeth: Causes, treatment, and prevention. https://www.healthline.com/health/sensitive-teeth
Colgate. (n.d.). Do I need a night guard? https://www.colgate.com/en-us/oral-health/bruxism/do-i-need-a-night-guard